is a powerful tool for creating hex dumps and reversing them, and it is most commonly bundled with the text editor. Hacker News Quick Fix: Installation by OS
macOS usually comes with xxd pre-installed. If it is missing, you can install it via Homebrew by installing Vim: brew install vim Use code with caution. Alpine Linux (Docker Containers)
sudo apt install vim-common
If you're unable to install xxd on your system (perhaps due to strict security policies), there are several alternatives you can use.
sudo dnf install vim-common
Alternatively, if you are in a macOS Recovery environment or a very minimal setup and only need to perform a hex dump without a full Vim installation, you can use the built-in od (octal dump) command as a temporary substitute. While it's not as versatile as xxd , it can serve in a pinch.
diff <(xxd file1.bin) <(xxd file2.bin)
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"CyberGym: Evaluating AI Agents' Real-World Cybersecurity Capabilities" : The paper uses the bash: xxd: command not found xxd command not found